We study the thresholds for the emergence of various properties in random subgraphs of (ℕ, <). In particular, we give sharp sufficient conditions for the existence of (finite or infinite) cliques and paths in a random subgraph. No specific assumption on the probability is made. The main tools are a topological version of Ramsey theory, exchangeability theory and elementary ergodic theory.
Topological Boolean algebras are generalizations of topological spaces defined by means of topological closure and interior operators, respectively. The authors in [14] generalized topological Boolean algebras to closure and interior operators of MV-algebras which are an algebraic counterpart of the Łukasiewicz infinite valued logic. In the paper, these kinds of operators are extended (and investigated) to the wide class of bounded commutative Rl-monoids that contains e.g. the classes of BL-algebras...
Bounded integral residuated lattices form a large class of algebras containing some classes of algebras behind many valued and fuzzy logics. In the paper we introduce and investigate multiplicative interior and additive closure operators (mi- and ac-operators) generalizing topological interior and closure operators on such algebras. We describe connections between mi- and ac-operators, and for residuated lattices with Glivenko property we give connections between operators on them and on the residuated...
Commutative bounded integral residuated lattices form a large class of algebras containing some classes of algebras behind many valued and fuzzy logics. In the paper we introduce and investigate additive closure and multiplicative interior operators on this class of algebras.
Which subgroups of the symmetric group Sn arise as invariance groups of n-variable functions defined on a k-element domain? It appears that the higher the difference n-k, the more difficult it is to answer this question. For k ≤ n, the answer is easy: all subgroups of Sn are invariance groups. We give a complete answer in the cases k = n-1 and k = n-2, and we also give a partial answer in the general case: we describe invariance groups when n is much larger than n-k. The proof utilizes Galois connections...
The arc graph of a digraph is the digraph with the set of arcs of as vertex-set, where the arcs of join consecutive arcs of . In 1981, S. Poljak and V. Rödl characterized the chromatic number of in terms of the chromatic number of when is symmetric (i.e., undirected). In contrast, directed graphs with equal chromatic numbers can have arc graphs with distinct chromatic numbers. Even though the arc graph of a symmetric graph is not symmetric, we show that the chromatic number of the...
We say that a ⟨∨,0⟩-semilattice S is conditionally co-Brouwerian if (1) for all nonempty subsets X and Y of S such that X ≤ Y (i.e. x ≤ y for all ⟨x,y⟩ ∈ X × Y), there exists z ∈ S such that X ≤ z ≤ Y, and (2) for every subset Z of S and all a, b ∈ S, if a ≤ b ∨ z for all z ∈ Z, then there exists c ∈ S such that a ≤ b ∨ c and c ≤ Z. By restricting this definition to subsets X, Y, and Z of less than κ elements, for an infinite cardinal κ, we obtain the definition of a conditionally κ-co-Brouwerian...