The connections between continued fraction representations of units and certain Hecke groups.
The article studies the cubic mapping graph of , the ring of Gaussian integers modulo . For each positive integer , the number of fixed points and the in-degree of the elements and in are found. Moreover, complete characterizations in terms of are given in which is semiregular, where is induced by all the zero-divisors of .
We make more accessible a neglected simple continued fraction based algorithm due to Lagrange, for deciding the solubility of in relatively prime integers , where , gcd is not a perfect square. In the case of solubility, solutions with least positive y, from each equivalence class, are also constructed. Our paper is a generalisation of an earlier paper by the author on the equation . As in that paper, we use a lemma on unimodular matrices that gives a much simpler proof than Lagrange’s for...
We connect the discrete logarithm problem over prime fields in the safe prime case to the logarithmic derivative.
By using a generating function approach it is shown that the sum-of-digits function (related to specific finite and infinite linear recurrences) satisfies a central limit theorem. Additionally a local limit theorem is derived.