Beukers' integrals and Apéry's recurrences.
In this paper we introduce bihyperbolic numbers of the Fibonacci type. We present some of their properties using matrix generators and idempotent representations.
By employing one of the cubic transformations (due to W. N. Bailey (1928)) for the -series, we examine a class of -series. Several closed formulae are established by means of differentiation, integration and contiguous relations. As applications, some remarkable binomial sums are explicitly evaluated, including one proposed recently as an open problem.
The aim of the paper is to present the binomial transformation formulae of Fibonacci numbers scaled by complex multipliers. Many of these new and nontrivial relations follow from the fundamental properties of the so-called delta-Fibonacci numbers defined by Wituła and Słota. The paper contains some original relations connecting the values of delta-Fibonacci numbers with the respective values of Chebyshev polynomials of the first and second kind.
Let be a fixed point of a substitution on the alphabet and let and . We give a complete classification of the substitutions according to whether the sequence of matrices is bounded or unbounded. This corresponds to the boundedness or unboundedness of the oriented walks generated by the substitutions.
The authors examine the frequency distribution of second-order recurrence sequences that are not -regular, for an odd prime , and apply their results to compute bounds for the frequencies of -singular elements of -regular second-order recurrences modulo powers of the prime . The authors’ results have application to the -stability of second-order recurrence sequences.
A positive integer is said to be a Jordan-Pólya number if it can be written as a product of factorials. We obtain non-trivial lower and upper bounds for the number of Jordan-Pólya numbers not exceeding a given number .