An injective rational map of an abstract algebraic variety into itself.
Let X be a nonsingular complex algebraic curve and let Y be a nonsingular rational complex algebraic surface. Given a compact subset K of X, every holomorphic map from a neighborhood of K in X into Y can be approximated by rational maps from X into Y having no poles in K. If Y is a nonsingular projective complex surface with the first Betti number nonzero, then such an approximation is impossible.
We show that there are exactly three types of Hilbert series of Artin-Schelter regular algebras of dimension five with two generators. One of these cases (the most extreme) may not be realized by an enveloping algebra of a graded Lie algebra. This is a new phenomenon compared to lower dimensions, where all resolution types may be realized by such enveloping algebras.