A generalization of a theorem of F. Richman and C. P. Walker
We introduce a new method for obtaining heat kernel on-diagonal lower bounds on non- compact Lie groups and on infinite discrete groups. By using this method, we are able to recover the previously known results for unimodular amenable Lie groups as well as for certain classes of discrete groups including the polycyclic groups, and to give them a geometric interpretation. We also obtain new results for some discrete groups which admit the structure of a semi-direct product or of a wreath product....
In the present paper we construct the accompanying identity of a given quasigroup identity . After that we deduce the main result: is isotopically invariant (i.e., for every guasigroup it holds that if is satisfied in then is satisfied in every quasigroup isotopic to ) if and only if it is equivalent to (i.e., for every quasigroup it holds that in either are both satisfied or both not).