A class of positive trigonometric sums. II.
The Hardy-Littlewood maximal function ℳ and the trigonometric function sin x are two central objects in harmonic analysis. We prove that ℳ characterizes sin x in the following way: Let be a periodic function and α > 1/2. If there exists a real number 0 < γ < ∞ such that the averaging operator has a critical point at r = γ for every x ∈ ℝ, then f(x) = a + bsin(cx+d) for some a,b,c,d ∈ ℝ. This statement can be used to derive a characterization of trigonometric functions as those nonconstant...
We prove that for all integers n ≥ 1 and real numbers x. The upper bound Si(π) is best possible. This result refines inequalities due to Fejér (1910) and Lenz (1951).
We prove: If then The constant is the best possible.
Sidon proved the inequality named after him in 1939. It is an upper estimate for the integral norm of a linear combination of trigonometric Dirichlet kernels expressed in terms of the coefficients. Since the estimate has many applications for instance in convergence problems and summation methods with respect to trigonometric series, newer and newer improvements of the original inequality has been proved by several authors. Most of them are invariant with respect to the rearrangement of the coefficients....
The main observation of this note is that the Lebesgue measure μ in the Turán-Nazarov inequality for exponential polynomials can be replaced with a certain geometric invariant ω ≥ μ, which can be effectively estimated in terms of the metric entropy of a set, and may be nonzero for discrete and even finite sets. While the frequencies (the imaginary parts of the exponents) do not enter the original Turán-Nazarov inequality, they necessarily enter the definition of ω.