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Geometric subgroups of surface braid groups

Luis Paris, Dale Rolfsen (1999)

Annales de l'institut Fourier

Let M be a surface, let N be a subsurface, and let n m be two positive integers. The inclusion of N in M gives rise to a homomorphism from the braid group B n N with n strings on N to the braid group B m M with m strings on M . We first determine necessary and sufficient conditions that this homomorphism is injective, and we characterize the commensurator, the normalizer and the centralizer of π 1 N in π 1 M . Then we calculate the commensurator, the normalizer and the centralizer of B n N in B m M for large surface braid...

Group-theoretic conditions under which closed aspherical manifolds are covered by Euclidean space

Hanspeter Fischer, David G. Wright (2003)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

Hass, Rubinstein, and Scott showed that every closed aspherical (irreducible) 3-manifold whose fundamental group contains the fundamental group of a closed aspherical surface, is covered by Euclidean space. This theorem does not generalize to higher dimensions. However, we provide geometric tools with which variations of this theorem can be proved in all dimensions.

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