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In this paper we give a geometric cobordism description of differential integral cohomology. The main motivation to consider this model (for other models see [5, 6, 7, 8]) is that it allows for simple descriptions of both the cup product and the integration. In particular it is very easy to verify the compatibilty of these structures. We proceed in a similar way in the case of differential cobordism as constructed in [4]. There the starting point was Quillen’s cobordism description of singular cobordism...
Heegaard splittings and Heegaard diagrams of a closed 3-manifold are translated into the language of Morse functions with Morse-Smale pseudo-gradients defined on . We make use in a very simple setting of techniques which Jean Cerf developed for solving a famous pseudo-isotopy problem. In passing, we show how to cancel the supernumerary local extrema in a generic path of functions when . The main tool that we introduce is an elementary swallow tail lemma which could be useful elsewhere.
We calculate the mapping and obtain a generating system of its kernel. As a corollary, bounds on the codimension of fold maps from real projective spaces to Euclidean space are calculated and the rank of a singular bordism group is determined.
Every compact smooth manifold is diffeomorphic to a nonsingular real algebraic set, called an algebraic model of . We study modulo 2 homology classes represented by algebraic subsets of , as runs through the class of all algebraic models of . Our main result concerns the case where is a spin manifold.
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