An edge coloring of a graph G with colors 1,2,...,t is called an interval t-coloring if for each i ∈ {1,2,...,t} there is at least one edge of G colored by i, and the colors of edges incident to any vertex of G are distinct and form an interval of integers. A graph G is interval colorable, if there is an integer t ≥ 1 for which G has an interval t-coloring. Let ℜ be the set of all interval colorable graphs. In 2004 Kubale and Giaro showed that if G,H ∈ 𝔑, then the Cartesian product of these graphs...

A proper edge-coloring of a graph G with colors 1, . . . , t is an interval t-coloring if all colors are used and the colors of edges incident to each vertex of G form an interval of integers. A graph G is interval colorable if it has an interval t-coloring for some positive integer t. Let [...] be the set of all interval colorable graphs. For a graph G ∈ [...] , the least and the greatest values of t for which G has an interval t-coloring are denoted by w(G) and W(G), respectively. In this paper...

In this paper we study the problem of interval incidence coloring of subcubic graphs. In [14] the authors proved that the interval incidence 4-coloring problem is polynomially solvable and the interval incidence 5-coloring problem is NP-complete, and they asked if Xii(G) ≤ 2Δ(G) holds for an arbitrary graph G. In this paper, we prove that an interval incidence 6-coloring always exists for any subcubic graph G with Δ(G) = 3.

The arc graph $\delta \left(G\right)$ of a digraph $G$ is the digraph with the set of arcs of $G$ as vertex-set, where the arcs of $\delta \left(G\right)$ join consecutive arcs of $G$. In 1981, S. Poljak and V. Rödl characterized the chromatic number of $\delta \left(G\right)$ in terms of the chromatic number of $G$ when $G$ is symmetric (i.e., undirected). In contrast, directed graphs with equal chromatic numbers can have arc graphs with distinct chromatic numbers. Even though the arc graph of a symmetric graph is not symmetric, we show that the chromatic number of the...

A K3-WORM coloring of a graph G is an assignment of colors to the vertices in such a way that the vertices of each K3-subgraph of G get precisely two colors. We study graphs G which admit at least one such coloring. We disprove a conjecture of Goddard et al. [Congr. Numer. 219 (2014) 161-173] by proving that for every integer k ≥ 3 there exists a K3-WORM-colorable graph in which the minimum number of colors is exactly k. There also exist K3-WORM colorable graphs which have a K3-WORM coloring with...

We call the digraph D an m-coloured digraph if the arcs of D are coloured with m colours. A directed path (or a directed cycle) is called monochromatic if all of its arcs are coloured alike. A set N ⊆ V(D) is said to be a kernel by monochromatic paths if it satisfies the two following conditions (i) for every pair of different vertices u, v ∈ N there is no monochromatic directed path between them and (ii) for every vertex x ∈ V(D)-N there is a vertex y ∈ N such that there is an xy-monochromatic...

Let D be a digraph with V(D) and A(D) the sets of vertices and arcs of D, respectively. A kernel of D is a set I ⊂ V(D) such that no arc of D joins two vertices of I and for each x ∈ V(D)∖I there is a vertex y ∈ I such that (x,y) ∈ A(D). A digraph is kernel-perfect if every non-empty induced subdigraph of D has a kernel. If D is edge coloured, we define the closure ξ(D) of D the multidigraph with V(ξ(D)) = V(D) and $A\left(\xi \left(D\right)\right)={\bigcup }_i(u,v)withcolourithereexistsamonochromaticpathofcolourifromthevertexutothevertexvcontainedinD.$Let T₃ and C₃ denote the transitive tournament of order 3 and the 3-cycle, respectively,...

We consider general properties of lattices of relative colour-families and antivarieties. Several results generalise the corresponding assertions about colour-families of undirected loopless graphs, see [1]. Conditions are indicated under which relative colour-families form a lattice. We prove that such a lattice is distributive. In the class of lattices of antivarieties of relation structures of finite signature, we distinguish the most complicated (universal) objects. Meet decompositions in lattices...

The choice number of a graph G is the smallest integer k such that for every assignment of a list L(v) of k colors to each vertex v of G, there is a proper coloring of G that assigns to each vertex v a color from L(v). We present upper and lower bounds on the choice number of complete multipartite graphs with partite classes of equal sizes and complete r-partite graphs with r-1 partite classes of order two.

The point-distinguishing chromatic index of a graph represents the minimum number of colours in its edge colouring such that each vertex is distinguished by the set of colours of edges incident with it. Asymptotic information on jumps of the point-distinguishing chromatic index of $K_{n,n}$ is found.

Given a tree T with n vertices, we show, by using a dynamic programming approach, that the problem of finding a 3-coloring of T respecting local (i.e., associated with p prespecified subsets of vertices) color bounds can be solved in O(n6p-1logn) time. We also show that our algorithm can be adapted to the case of k-colorings for fixed k.