Partition identities. I: Sandwich theorems and logical 0-1 laws.
A recent result of Henning and Southey (A note on graphs with disjoint dominating and total dominating set, Ars Comb. 89 (2008), 159-162) implies that every connected graph of minimum degree at least three has a dominating set D and a total dominating set T which are disjoint. We show that the Petersen graph is the only such graph for which D∪T necessarily contains all vertices of the graph.
It was known that the vertex set of every planar graph can be partitioned into three forests. We prove that the vertex set of a planar graph without chordal 5-cycles can be partitioned into two forests. This extends a result obtained by Raspaud and Wang in 2008.
Given a graph , if we can partition the vertex set into two nonempty subsets and which satisfy and , then we say has a -partition. And we say admits an -partition if and are both forests whose maximum degree is at most and , respectively. We show that every planar graph with girth at least 5 has an -partition.
In this note, we consider the partition of a graph into cycles containing a specified linear forest. Minimum degree and degree sum conditions are given, which are best possible.
The reaping number of a Boolean algebra is defined as the minimum size of a subset such that for each -partition of unity, some member of meets less than elements of . We show that for each , as conjectured by Dow, Steprāns and Watson. The proof relies on a partition theorem for finite trees; namely that every -branching tree whose maximal nodes are coloured with colours contains an -branching subtree using at most colours if and only if .