Research notes on a density problem of Erdős.
We present a system of interrelated conjectures which can be considered as restricted addition counterparts of classical theorems due to Kneser, Kemperman, and Scherk. Connections with the theorem of Cauchy-Davenport, conjecture of Erdős-Heilbronn, and polynomial method of Alon-Nathanson-Ruzsa are discussed.The paper assumes no expertise from the reader and can serve as an introduction to the subject.
We develop the connection between Rota-Baxter operators arisen from algebra and mathematical physics and Bernoulli polynomials. We state that a trivial property of Rota-Baxter operators implies the symmetry of the power sum polynomials and Bernoulli polynomials. We show how Rota-Baxter operators equalities rewritten in terms of Bernoulli polynomials generate identities for the latter.