En este trabajo se propone una estructura de álgebra difusa (borrosa) basada en la distinción entre difusidad extensiva y comprehensiva, desarrollando y conectando los trabajos de Nahmias sobre variables difusas, de Klement sobre medibilidad difusa y de Nowakowska sobre estructuras de conceptos.

We determine the size levels for any function on the hyperspace of an arc as follows. Assume Z is a continuum and consider the following three conditions: 1) Z is a planar AR; 2) cut points of Z have component number two; 3) any true cyclic element of Z contains at most two cut points of Z. Then any size level for an arc satisfies 1)-3) and conversely, if Z satisfies 1)-3), then Z is a diameter level for some arc.

Let $(Z,T_Z)$ be a minimal non-periodic flow which is either symbolic or strictly ergodic. Any topological extension of $(Z,T_Z)$ is Borel isomorphic to an almost 1-1 extension of $(Z,T_Z)$. Moreover, this isomorphism preserves the affine-topological structure of the invariant measures. The above extends a theorem of Furstenberg-Weiss (1989). As an application we prove that any measure-preserving transformation which admits infinitely many rational eigenvalues is measure-theoretically isomorphic to a strictly ergodic toeplitz...

Let (X, μ) be a σ-finite measure space and let τ be an ergodic invertible measure preserving transformation. We study the a.e. convergence of the Cesàro-α ergodic averages associated with τ and the boundedness of the corresponding maximal operator in the setting of Lp,q(wdμ) spaces.

It is well-known that a probability measure $\mu$ on the circle $𝕋$ satisfies $\parallel {\mu }^n{*f-\int f\mathrm{d}m\parallel }_p\to 0$ for every $f\in L_p$, every (some) $p\in [1,\infty )$, if and only if $|\widehat{\mu }\left(n\right)|lt;1$ for every non-zero $n\in \mathbb{Z}$ ($\mu$ is strictly aperiodic). In this paper we study the a.e. convergence of ${\mu }^n*f$ for every $f\in L_p$ whenever $pgt;1$. We prove a necessary and sufficient condition, in terms of the Fourier–Stieltjes coefficients of $\mu$, for the strong sweeping out property (existence of a Borel set $B$ with $lim\; sup{\mu }^n*1_B=1$ a.e. and $lim\; inf{\mu }^n*1_B=0$ a.e.). The results are extended to general compact Abelian groups $G$ with Haar...

Bellow and Calderón proved that the sequence of convolution powers ${\mu }_{n}f\left(x\right)={\sum }_{k\in \mathbb{Z}}{\mu }^n\left(k\right)f\left(T^{k}x\right)$ converges a.e, when $\mu$ is a strictly aperiodic probability measure on $\mathbb{Z}$ such that the expectation is zero, $E\left(\mu \right)=0$, and the second moment is finite, $m_2\left(\mu \right)\<\infty$. In this paper we extend this result to cases where $m_2\left(\mu \right)=\infty$.

Let T be a d×d matrix with integer entries and with eigenvalues >1 in modulus. Let f be a lipschitzian function of positive order. We prove that the series ${\sum }_{n=1}^{\infty }{c}_{n}f\left(T^{n}x\right)$ converges almost everywhere with respect to Lebesgue measure provided that ${\sum }_{n=1}^{\infty }{\left|c_n\right|}^{2}lo{g}^{2}n<\infty$.

We present a new characterization of Lebesgue measurable functions; namely, a function f:[0,1]→ ℝ is measurable if and only if it is first-return recoverable almost everywhere. This result is established by demonstrating a connection between almost everywhere first-return recovery and a first-return process for yielding the integral of a measurable function.

We prove an extension of a result by Peres and Solomyak on almost sure absolute continuity in a class of symmetric Bernoulli convolutions.