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Poly-Bernoulli numbers

Masanobu Kaneko (1997)

Journal de théorie des nombres de Bordeaux

By using polylogarithm series, we define “poly-Bernoulli numbers” which generalize classical Bernoulli numbers. We derive an explicit formula and a duality theorem for these numbers, together with a von Staudt-type theorem for di-Bernoulli numbers and another proof of a theorem of Vandiver.

Primitive Points on a Modular Hyperbola

Igor E. Shparlinski (2006)

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Mathematics

For positive integers m, U and V, we obtain an asymptotic formula for the number of integer points (u,v) ∈ [1,U] × [1,V] which belong to the modular hyperbola uv ≡ 1 (mod m) and also have gcd(u,v) =1, which are also known as primitive points. Such points have a nice geometric interpretation as points on the modular hyperbola which are "visible" from the origin.

Products of factorials modulo p

Florian Luca, Pantelimon Stănică (2003)

Colloquium Mathematicae

We show that if p ≠ 5 is a prime, then the numbers 1 / p ( p m , . . . , m t ) | t 1 , m i 0 f o r i = 1 , . . . , t a n d i = 1 t m i = p cover all the nonzero residue classes modulo p.

Pseudoprime Cullen and Woodall numbers

Florian Luca, Igor E. Shparlinski (2007)

Colloquium Mathematicae

We show that if a > 1 is any fixed integer, then for a sufficiently large x>1, the nth Cullen number Cₙ = n2ⁿ +1 is a base a pseudoprime only for at most O(x log log x/log x) positive integers n ≤ x. This complements a result of E. Heppner which asserts that Cₙ is prime for at most O(x/log x) of positive integers n ≤ x. We also prove a similar result concerning the pseudoprimality to base a of the Woodall numbers given by Wₙ = n2ⁿ - 1 for all n ≥ 1.

q -analogues of two supercongruences of Z.-W. Sun

Cheng-Yang Gu, Victor J. W. Guo (2020)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

We give several different q -analogues of the following two congruences of Z.-W. Sun: k = 0 ( p r - 1 ) / 2 1 8 k 2 k k 2 p r ( mod p 2 ) and k = 0 ( p r - 1 ) / 2 1 16 k 2 k k 3 p r ( mod p 2 ) , where p is an odd prime, r is a positive integer, and ( m n ) is the Jacobi symbol. The proofs of them require the use of some curious q -series identities, two of which are related to Franklin’s involution on partitions into distinct parts. We also confirm a conjecture of the latter author and Zeng in 2012.

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