An arithmetic criterion for the values of the exponential function
We generalize and unify the proofs of several results on algebraic independence of arithmetic functions and Dirichlet series by using a theorem of Ax on the differential Schanuel conjecture. Along the way, we find counter-examples to some results in the literature.
We prove a quantitative version of a result of Furstenberg [20] and Deligne [14] stating that the diagonal of a multivariate algebraic power series with coefficients in a field of positive characteristic is algebraic. As a consequence, we obtain that for every prime the reduction modulo of the diagonal of a multivariate algebraic power series with integer coefficients is an algebraic power series of degree at most and height at most , where is an effective constant that only depends on...