The main result of the note is a characterization of 1-amenability of Banach algebras of approximable operators for a class of Banach spaces with 1-unconditional bases in terms of a new basis property. It is also shown that amenability and symmetric amenability are equivalent concepts for Banach algebras of approximable operators, and that a type of Banach space that was long suspected to lack property 𝔸 has in fact the property. Some further ideas on the problem of whether or not amenability (in...

Let 1 ≤ p < ∞, $={\left(Xₙ\right)}_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$ be a sequence of Banach spaces and $l_p\left(\right)$ the coresponding vector valued sequence space. Let $={\left(Xₙ\right)}_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$, $={\left(Yₙ\right)}_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$ be two sequences of Banach spaces, $={\left(Vₙ\right)}_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$, Vₙ: Xₙ → Yₙ, a sequence of bounded linear operators and 1 ≤ p,q < ∞. We define the multiplication operator $M_{}:l_p\left(\right)\to l_q\left(\right)$ by $M_{}\left({\left(xₙ\right)}_{n\in \mathbb{N}}\right):={\left(Vₙ\left(xₙ\right)\right)}_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for $M_{}$ to be 2-summing when (p,q) is one of the couples (1,2), (2,1), (2,2), (1,1), (p,1), (p,2), (2,p), (1,p), (p,q); in the last case 1 < p < 2, 1 < q < ∞.

We provide a partial answer to the question of Vladimir Kadets whether given an ℱ-basis of a Banach space X, with respect to some filter ℱ ⊂ 𝒫(ℕ), the coordinate functionals are continuous. The answer is positive if the character of ℱ is less than 𝔭. In this case every ℱ-basis is an M-basis with brackets which are determined by an element of ℱ.

We study the (I)-envelopes of the unit balls of Banach spaces. We show, in particular, that any nonreflexive space can be renormed in such a way that the (I)-envelope of the unit ball is not the whole bidual unit ball. Further, we give a simpler proof of James' characterization of reflexivity in the nonseparable case. We also study the spaces in which the (I)-envelope of the unit ball adds nothing.

This paper is concerned with the isomorphic structure of the Banach space ${\ell }_{\infty }/c₀$ and how it depends on combinatorial tools whose existence is consistent with but not provable from the usual axioms of ZFC. Our main global result is that it is consistent that ${\ell }_{\infty }/c₀$ does not have an orthogonal ${\ell }_{\infty }$-decomposition, that is, it is not of the form ${\ell }_{\infty }\left(X\right)$ for any Banach space X. The main local result is that it is consistent that ${\ell }_{\infty }\left(c₀\left(\right)\right)$ does not embed isomorphically into ${\ell }_{\infty }/c₀$, where is the cardinality of the continuum, while ${\ell }_{\infty }$...

We investigate the existence of higher order ℓ¹-spreading models in subspaces of mixed Tsirelson spaces. For instance, we show that the following conditions are equivalent for the mixed Tsirelson space $X=T\left[{(\theta ₙ,ₙ)}_{n=1}^{\infty }\right]$: (1) Every block subspace of X contains an $\ell ¹{-}_{\omega }$-spreading model, (2) The Bourgain ℓ¹-index $I_b\left(Y\right)=I\left(Y\right)>{\omega }^{\omega }$ for any block subspace Y of X, (3) $limₘlimsupₙ{\theta }_{m+n}/\theta ₙ>0$ and every block subspace Y of X contains a block sequence equivalent to a subsequence of the unit vector basis of X. Moreover, if one (and hence all) of these conditions...

In 1972, the late B. E. Johnson introduced the notion of an amenable Banach algebra and asked whether the Banach algebra ℬ(E) of all bounded linear operators on a Banach space E could ever be amenable if dim E = ∞. Somewhat surprisingly, this question was answered positively only very recently as a by-product of the Argyros-Haydon result that solves the “scalar plus compact problem”: there is an infinite-dimensional Banach space E, the dual of which is ℓ¹, such that $ℬ\left(E\right)=\left(E\right)+ℂi{d}_E$. Still, ℬ(ℓ²) is not amenable,...