Constant and variable drop theorems on metrizable locally convex spaces
A symmetric, idempotent, continuous binary operation on a space is called a mean. In this paper, we provide a criterion for the non-existence of mean on a certain class of continua which includes tree-like continua. This generalizes a result of Bell and Watson. We also prove that any hereditarily indecomposable circle-like continuum admits no mean.
Let be a metric continuum. Let denote the hyperspace of nonempty subsets of with at most elements. We say that the continuum has unique hyperspace provided that the following implication holds: if is a continuum and is homeomorphic to , then is homeomorphic to . In this paper we prove the following results: (1) if is an indecomposable continuum such that each nondegenerate proper subcontinuum of is an arc, then has unique hyperspace , and (2) let be an arcwise connected...