Let (X) be the algebra of all bounded operators on a Banach space X, and let θ: G → (X) be a strongly continuous representation of a locally compact and second countable abelian group G on X. Set σ¹(θ(g)): = λ/|λ| | λ ∈ σ(θ(g)), where σ(θ(g)) is the spectrum of θ(g), and let ${\Sigma }_{\theta }$ be the set of all g ∈ G such that σ¹(θ(g)) does not contain any regular polygon of (by a regular polygon we mean the image under a rotation of a closed subgroup of the unit circle different from 1). We prove that θ is uniformly...

A Banach space operator T belonging to B(X) is said to be hereditarily normaloid, T ∈ HN, if every part of T is normaloid; T ∈ HN is totally hereditarily normaloid, T ∈ THN, if every invertible part of T is also normaloid; and T ∈ CHN if either T ∈ THN or T - λI is in HN for every complex number λ. Class CHN is large; it contains a number of the commonly considered classes of operators. We study operators T ∈ CHN, and prove that the Riesz projection associated with a λ ∈ isoσ(T), T ∈ CHN ∩ B(H)...

Let $T_1,\cdots ,T_d$ be homogeneous trees with degrees $q_1+1,\cdots ,q_d+1\ge 3$, respectively. For each tree, let $𝔥:T_j\to \mathbb{Z}$ be the Busemann function with respect to a fixed boundary point (end). Its level sets are the horocycles. The horocyclic product of $T_1,\cdots ,T_d$ is the graph $\mathrm{𝖣𝖫}(q_1,\cdots ,q_d)$ consisting of all $d$-tuples $x_1\cdots x_d\in T_1\times \cdots \times T_d$ with $𝔥\left(x_1\right)+\cdots +𝔥\left(x_d\right)=0$, equipped with a natural neighbourhood relation. In the present paper, we explore the geometric, algebraic, analytic and probabilistic properties of these graphs and their isometry groups. If $d=2$ and $q_1=q_2=q$ then we obtain a Cayley graph of the...