We show that the periodic Camassa–Holm equation $u_t-u_{xxt}+3u{u}_x-2u_x{u}_{xx}-u{u}_{xxx}=0$ possesses a global continuous semigroup of weak conservative solutions for initial data ${u|}_{t=0}$ in $H_{\mathrm{per}}^1$. The result is obtained by introducing a coordinate transformation into Lagrangian coordinates. To characterize conservative solutions it is necessary to include the energy density given by the positive Radon measure $\mu$ with ${\mu }_{\mathrm{ac}}=(u^2+u_x^2)dx$. The total energy is preserved by the solution.

Control of quantum systems is central in a variety of present and perspective applications ranging from quantum optics and quantum chemistry to semiconductor nanostructures, including the emerging fields of quantum computation and quantum communication. In this paper, a review of recent developments in the field of optimal control of quantum systems is given with a focus on adjoint methods and their numerical implementation. In addition, the issues of exact controllability and optimal control are...

This paper concerns the study of the numerical approximation for the following boundary value problem: $$\left\{\begin{array}{cccc}{u}_t(x,t)-u_{xx}(x,t)=-u^{-p}(x,t),\hfill & 0<x<1,t>0,u_x(0,t)=0,\hfill & u(1,t)=1,t>0,u(x,0)=u_0\left(x\right)>0,& 0\le x\le 1,\end{array}\right.$$ where $p>0$. We obtain some conditions under which the solution of a semidiscrete form of the above problem quenches in a finite time and estimate its semidiscrete quenching time. We also establish the convergence of the semidiscrete quenching time. Finally, we give some numerical experiments to illustrate our analysis.

In this paper, we consider the following initial-boundary value problem $$\left\}\begin{array}{c}{u}_{tt}(x,t)=\epsilon Lu(x,t)+f\left(u(x,t)\right)\text{in}\Omega \times (0,T),\hfill \\ u(x,t)=0\text{on}\partial \Omega \times (0,T),\hfill \\ u(x,0)=0\text{in}\Omega ,\hfill \\ u_t(x,0)=0\text{in}\Omega ,\hfill \end{array}\right.$$ where $\Omega$ is a bounded domain in ${ℝ}^N$ with smooth boundary $\partial \Omega$, $L$ is an elliptic operator, $\epsilon$ is a positive parameter, $f\left(s\right)$ is a positive, increasing, convex function for $s\in (-\infty ,b)$, ${lim}_{s\to b}f\left(s\right)=\infty$ and ${\int }_0^b\frac{ds}{f\left(s\right)}<\infty$ with $b=const>0$. Under some assumptions, we show that the solution of the above problem quenches in a finite time and its quenching time goes to that of the solution of the following differential equation $$\left\}\begin{array}{cc}{\alpha }^{\text{'}\text{'}}\left(t\right)=f\left(\alpha \left(t\right)\right),\hfill & t>0,\hfill \\ \alpha \left(0\right)=0,{\alpha }^{\text{'}}\left(0\right)=0,\hfill \end{array}\right.$$ as $\epsilon$ goes to zero. We also show that the above result remains...

We show that it is possible to construct a class of entropic schemes for the multicomponent Euler system describing a gas or fluid homogeneous mixture at thermodynamic equilibrium by applying a relaxation technique. A first order Chapman–Enskog expansion shows that the relaxed system formally converges when the relaxation frequencies go to the infinity toward a multicomponent Navier–Stokes system with the classical Fick and Newton laws, with a thermal diffusion which can be assimilated to a Soret...

We show that it is possible to construct a class of entropic schemes for the multicomponent Euler system describing a gas or fluid homogeneous mixture at thermodynamic equilibrium by applying a relaxation technique. A first order Chapman–Enskog expansion shows that the relaxed system formally converges when the relaxation frequencies go to the infinity toward a multicomponent Navier–Stokes system with the classical Fick and Newton laws, with a thermal diffusion which can be assimilated to a Soret...

We investigate biological processes, particularly the propagation of malaria. Both the continuous and the numerical models on some fixed mesh should preserve the basic qualitative properties of the original phenomenon. Our main goal is to give the conditions for the discrete (numerical) models of the malaria phenomena under which they possess some given qualitative property, namely, to be between zero and one. The conditions which guarantee this requirement are related to the time-discretization...

We discuss new MUSCL reconstructions to approximate the solutions of hyperbolic systems of conservations laws on 2D unstructured meshes. To address such an issue, we write two MUSCL schemes on two overlapping meshes. A gradient reconstruction procedure is next defined by involving both approximations coming from each MUSCL scheme. This process increases the number of numerical unknowns, but it allows to reconstruct very accurate gradients. Moreover a particular attention is paid on the limitation...

We study the asymptotic behavior of a semi-discrete numerical approximation for a pair of heat equations $u_t=\Delta u$, $v_t=\Delta v$ in $\Omega \times (0,T)$; fully coupled by the boundary conditions $\frac{\partial u}{\partial \eta }=u^{p_{11}}{v}^{p_{12}}$, $\frac{\partial v}{\partial \eta }=u^{p_{21}}{v}^{p_{22}}$ on $\partial \Omega \times (0,T)$, where $\Omega$ is a bounded smooth domain in ${ℝ}^d$. We focus in the existence or not of non-simultaneous blow-up for a semi-discrete approximation $(U,V)$. We prove that if $U$ blows up in finite time then $V$ can fail to blow up if and only if $p_{11}\&gt;1$ and $p_{21}\&lt;2(p_{11}-1)$, which is the same condition as the one for non-simultaneous blow-up in the continuous problem. Moreover,...

We study the asymptotic behavior of a semi-discrete numerical approximation for a pair of heat equations ut = Δu, vt = Δv in Ω x (0,T); fully coupled by the boundary conditions $\frac{\partial u}{\partial \eta }=u^{p_{11}}{v}^{p_{12}}$, $\frac{\partial v}{\partial \eta }=u^{p_{21}}{v}^{p_{22}}$ on ∂Ω x (0,T), where Ω is a bounded smooth domain in ${ℝ}^d$. We focus in the existence or not of non-simultaneous blow-up for a semi-discrete approximation (U,V). We prove that if U blows up in finite time then V can fail to blow up if and only if p11 > 1 and p21 < 2(p11 - 1) , which is the same condition as...

In this paper we derive a posteriori error estimates for the heat equation. The time discretization strategy is based on a θ-method and the mesh used for each time-slab is independent of the mesh used for the previous time-slab. The novelty of this paper is an upper bound for the error caused by the coarsening of the mesh used for computing the solution in the previous time-slab. The technique applied for deriving this upper bound is independent of the problem and can be generalized to other time...