Kronecker sums and matricial norms are used in order to give a method for determining upper bounds for $\left|A\right|$ where $A$ is a latent root of a lambda-matrix. In particular, upper bounds for $\left|z\right|$ are obtained where $z$ is a zero of a polynomial with complex coefficients. The result is compared with other known bounds for $\left|z\right|$.

Concise but self-contained reviews are given on theories of majorization and symmetrically normed ideals, including the proofs of the Lidskii-Wielandt and the Gelfand-Naimark theorems. Based on these reviews, we discuss logarithmic majorizations and norm inequalities of Golden-Thompson type and its complementary type for exponential operators on a Hilbert space. Furthermore, we obtain norm convergences for the exponential product formula as well as for that involving operator means.

Consider the $n\times n$ matrix with $(i,j)$’th entry $gcd(i,j)$. Its largest eigenvalue ${\lambda }_n$ and sum of entries $s_n$ satisfy ${\lambda }_n>s_n/n$. Because $s_n$ cannot be expressed algebraically as a function of $n$, we underestimate it in several ways. In examples, we compare the bounds so obtained with one another and with a bound from S. Hong, R. Loewy (2004). We also conjecture that ${\lambda }_n>6{\pi }^{-2}nlogn$ for all $n$. If $n$ is large enough, this follows from F. Balatoni (1969).