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The notion of randomness from Aristotle to Poincaré

O. B. Sheynin (1991)

Mathématiques et Sciences Humaines

Aristotle and even earlier scientist and philosophers attempted to define, or at least to through light upon randomness. The author sketches the attempts to direct concept of randomness into the realm of mathematical science from Aristotle up to Poincaré. He dwells on the various interpretations of randomness that were pronounced in natural science and philosophy, and on the interrelation between necessity and randomness.

The Riemann curvature through history.

Antonio Martínez Naveira (2005)

RACSAM

El concepto de curvatura es muy familiar en la Geometría Diferencial. En este artículo se procura mostrar tanto la evolución de su concepto a lo largo de la historia como alguna de sus aplicaciones. En esta exposición existe una limitación tanto en la presenatción de algunos tópicos como en la ausencia de otros que son básicos en la Geometría de Riemann. Entre éstos últimos cabría destacar, entre otros, las variedades minimales y las kählerianas o la teoría de Morse. Aunque de manera implícita,...

The set of paths in a space and its algebraic structure. A historical account

Ralf Krömer (2013)

Annales de la faculté des sciences de Toulouse Mathématiques

The present paper provides a test case for the significance of the historical category “structuralism” in the history of modern mathematics. We recapitulate the various approaches to the fundamental group present in Poincaré’s work and study how they were developed by the next generations in more “structuralist” manners. By contrasting this development with the late introduction and comparatively marginal use of the notion of fundamental groupoid and the even later consideration of equivalence relations...

The theory of definitions in the polish logical literature

Jan Gregorowicz (1991)

Mathématiques et Sciences Humaines

Analysis of some answers to the following questions : is there a generic notion of definition ? What is the difference between “analytic definition” and “synthetic definition” ? What is a good definition ?

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