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The Quest for A Characterization of Hom-Properties of Finite Character

Izak Broere, Moroli D.V. Matsoha, Johannes Heidema (2016)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

A graph property is a set of (countable) graphs. A homomorphism from a graph G to a graph H is an edge-preserving map from the vertex set of G into the vertex set of H; if such a map exists, we write G → H. Given any graph H, the hom-property →H is the set of H-colourable graphs, i.e., the set of all graphs G satisfying G → H. A graph property P is of finite character if, whenever we have that F ∈ P for every finite induced subgraph F of a graph G, then we have that G ∈ P too. We explore some of...

The ramsey number for theta graph versus a clique of order three and four

M.S.A. Bataineh, M.M.M. Jaradat, M.S. Bateeha (2014)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

For any two graphs F1 and F2, the graph Ramsey number r(F1, F2) is the smallest positive integer N with the property that every graph on at least N vertices contains F1 or its complement contains F2 as a subgraph. In this paper, we consider the Ramsey numbers for theta-complete graphs. We determine r(θn,Km) for m = 2, 3, 4 and n > m. More specifically, we establish that r(θn,Km) = (n − 1)(m − 1) + 1 for m = 3, 4 and n > m

The Ramsey number r(C₇,C₇,C₇)

Ralph Faudree, Annette Schelten, Ingo Schiermeyer (2003)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

Bondy and Erdős [2] have conjectured that the Ramsey number for three cycles Cₖ of odd length has value r(Cₖ,Cₖ,Cₖ) = 4k-3. We give a proof that r(C₇,C₇,C₇) = 25 without using any computer support.

The Randić energy of generalized double sun

Wei Gao (2022)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

We show that the family of trees defined as generalized double sun of odd order satisfies the conjecture for the Randić energy proposed by I. Gutman, B. Furtula, S. B. Bozkurt (2014).

The real symmetric matrices of odd order with a P-set of maximum size

Zhibin Du, Carlos M. da Fonseca (2016)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

Suppose that A is a real symmetric matrix of order n . Denote by m A ( 0 ) the nullity of A . For a nonempty subset α of { 1 , 2 , ... , n } , let A ( α ) be the principal submatrix of A obtained from A by deleting the rows and columns indexed by α . When m A ( α ) ( 0 ) = m A ( 0 ) + | α | , we call α a P-set of A . It is known that every P-set of A contains at most n / 2 elements. The graphs of even order for which one can find a matrix attaining this bound are now completely characterized. However, the odd case turned out to be more difficult to tackle. As a first step...

The relation between the number of leaves of a tree and its diameter

Pu Qiao, Xingzhi Zhan (2022)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

Let L ( n , d ) denote the minimum possible number of leaves in a tree of order n and diameter d . Lesniak (1975) gave the lower bound B ( n , d ) = 2 ( n - 1 ) / d for L ( n , d ) . When d is even, B ( n , d ) = L ( n , d ) . But when d is odd, B ( n , d ) is smaller than L ( n , d ) in general. For example, B ( 21 , 3 ) = 14 while L ( 21 , 3 ) = 19 . In this note, we determine L ( n , d ) using new ideas. We also consider the converse problem and determine the minimum possible diameter of a tree with given order and number of leaves.

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