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On composition of signed graphs

K. Shahul Hameed, K.A. Germina (2012)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

A graph whose edges are labeled either as positive or negative is called a signed graph. In this article, we extend the notion of composition of (unsigned) graphs (also called lexicographic product) to signed graphs. We employ Kronecker product of matrices to express the adjacency matrix of this product of two signed graphs and hence find its eigenvalues when the second graph under composition is net-regular. A signed graph is said to be net-regular if every vertex has constant net-degree, namely,...

On conditional independence and log-convexity

František Matúš (2012)

Annales de l'I.H.P. Probabilités et statistiques

If conditional independence constraints define a family of positive distributions that is log-convex then this family turns out to be a Markov model over an undirected graph. This is proved for the distributions on products of finite sets and for the regular Gaussian ones. As a consequence, the assertion known as Brook factorization theorem, Hammersley–Clifford theorem or Gibbs–Markov equivalence is obtained.

On distance Laplacian energy in terms of graph invariants

Hilal A. Ganie, Rezwan Ul Shaban, Bilal A. Rather, Shariefuddin Pirzada (2023)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

For a simple connected graph G of order n having distance Laplacian eigenvalues ρ 1 L ρ 2 L ρ n L , the distance Laplacian energy DLE ( G ) is defined as DLE ( G ) = i = 1 n | ρ i L - 2 W ( G ) / n | , where W ( G ) is the Wiener index of G . We obtain a relationship between the Laplacian energy and the distance Laplacian energy for graphs with diameter 2. We obtain lower bounds for the distance Laplacian energy DLE ( G ) in terms of the order n , the Wiener index W ( G ) , the independence number, the vertex connectivity number and other given parameters. We characterize the extremal graphs...

On eigenvectors of mixed graphs with exactly one nonsingular cycle

Yi-Zheng Fan (2007)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

Let G be a mixed graph. The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of G are respectively defined to be those of its Laplacian matrix. If G is a simple graph, [M. Fiedler: A property of eigenvectors of nonnegative symmetric matrices and its applications to graph theory, Czechoslovak Math. J. 25 (1975), 619–633] gave a remarkable result on the structure of the eigenvectors of G corresponding to its second smallest eigenvalue (also called the algebraic connectivity of G ). For G being a general mixed graph with...

On graphs with the largest Laplacian index

Bo Lian Liu, Zhibo Chen, Muhuo Liu (2008)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

Let G be a connected simple graph on n vertices. The Laplacian index of G , namely, the greatest Laplacian eigenvalue of G , is well known to be bounded above by n . In this paper, we give structural characterizations for graphs G with the largest Laplacian index n . Regular graphs, Hamiltonian graphs and planar graphs with the largest Laplacian index are investigated. We present a necessary and sufficient condition on n and k for the existence of a k -regular graph G of order n with the largest Laplacian...

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