Bounded, separating, incompressible surfaces in knot manifolds.
On étudie les morphismes d’un groupe infini discret dans un groupe de Lie contenu dans le groupe des difféomorphismes de la droite réelle. À un tel morphisme , on associe deux ensembles de “bouts” de “dans la direction” . On calcule le nombre de bouts dans plusieurs situations. Dans le cas particulier où est de type fini et où est le groupe des translations, n’a qu’un bout dans la direction si, et seulement si, ils vérifient la propriété de Bieri-Neumann-Strebel.
These are the notes from a one-week course on Braid Monodromy of Algebraic Curves given at the Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour during the Première Ecole Franco-Espagnole: Groupes de tresses et topologie en petite dimension in October 2009.This is intended to be an introductory survey through which we hope we can briefly outline the power of the concept monodromy as a common area for group theory, algebraic geometry, and topology of projective curves.The main classical results are stated...
A braid defines a link which has a signature. This defines a map from the braid group to the integers which is not a homomorphism. We relate the homomorphism defect of this map to Meyer cocycle and Maslov class. We give some information about the global geometry of the gordian metric space.
In this work, we describe the historic links between the study of -dimensional manifolds (specially knot theory) and the study of the topology of complex plane curves with a particular attention to the role of braid groups and Alexander-like invariants (torsions, different instances of Alexander polynomials). We finish with detailed computations in an example.