Formes bilinéaires compatibles avec un système
In matricial analysis, the theorem of Eckart and Young provides a best approximation of an arbitrary matrix by a matrix of rank at most r. In variational analysis or optimization, the Moreau envelopes are appropriate ways of approximating or regularizing the rank function. We prove here that we can go forwards and backwards between the two procedures, thereby showing that they carry essentially the same information.
We characterize bijections on matrix spaces (operator algebras) preserving full rank (invertibility) of differences of matrix (operator) pairs in both directions.
By introducing polynomials in matrix entries, six determinants are evaluated which may be considered extensions of Vandermonde-like determinants related to the classical root systems.