Displaying similar documents to “O liczbach ujemnych z perspektywy historycznej i dydaktycznej”

Propozycja wyzwalania twórczości matematycznej studentów przy pomocy pewnej nierówności funkcyjnej

Edyta Fiduk, Stanisław Siudut (2016)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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T. Szostok and Sz. Wąsowicz in (Szostok, Wąsowicz, 2011) studied the following functional inequality: | F y - F x - y - x f x + y 2 | ≤ ε stemming from the Lagrange mean value theorem. They proved that the functon f is affine, provided f , F : ℝ → ℝ satisfy the above inequality for all x , y ∈ ℝ . The aim of our paper is to extend the results of (Szostok, Wąsowicz, 2011) to more general situations (for example, we change ℝ to ℂ or ℍ ) .

O ilości nierównoważnych metryk

Marcin Zieliński (2017)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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It is well known that there exist many metrics on a non-emptyset. In the case of ( X , ϱ ) − a finite metric set, it can be easily shown that all the metrics on X are equivalent. This paper examines the number of non-equivalent metrics on uncountably infinite sets.

Iterations of homographic functions and recurrence equations involving a homographic function

Jan Górowski, Adam Łomnicki (2015)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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The formulas for the m-th iterate ( m ∈ N ) of an arbitrary homographicfunction H are determined and the necessary and sufficient conditions for a solution ofthe equation y m + 1 = H ( y m ) , m ∈ N to be an infinite n-periodic sequence are given. Based on the results from this paper one can easily determine some particular solutionsof the Babbage functional equation

O pewnym sposobie kontroli rozumienia wybranych pojęć z analizy matematycznej przez studentów studiów matematycznych

Danuta Ciesielska, Zbigniew Powązka (2012)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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In the last years in Poland new standards for the matriculation examination have been established, especially in mathematics. Subsequently, for many years at the Pedagogical University of Krakow research has been conducted on difficulties that students experience in understanding the basic concepts of mathematical analysis. For the results of this research see: Powązka, Z. (2006, 2009); these are the reports of research conducted in the academic years: 2003/2004 and 2006/2007. Our main...

Antropopresja turystyki wysokogórskiej na przykładzie Kilimandżaro

Michał Apollo (2010)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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This article outlines the negative impact on the environment of the Kilimanjaro Mountain which is a result of commercial approach to mountaineering and change of the climber’s profile. Kilimanjaro, which was called “trampled mountain” in the years 1977–2007, has been visited by 627,974 tourists. The National Park of Kilimanjaro pocketed 25.7 millions USD from admission fees in 2006 only. Officials of the Park are more interested in the commercial aspect than the environmental one. A...

Z badań nad trudnościami studentów w rozumieniu pojęcia miary i całki

Zbigniew Powązka (2012)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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Measurement is an important form of human activity. It appears at all levels of secondary school education, while discussing the length of a segment, the area of a plane figure and the volume of a solid. The definition of a measure, understood as a non-negative real function defined on a σ-field of set of a space, is taught during the classes on mathematical analysis. It is observed that the concept of measurement causes great difficulties to students. This paper presents the results...

Uporządkowane struktury liczbowe

Antoni Chronowski (2013)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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In this article we consider the ordered algebraic structures of thesystems of natural numbers, integers, rational and real numbers. We presentthe ordered algebra of natural numbers, the ordered ring of integers, and theordered fields of rational and real numbers. The main problem considered forordered number structures is the categoricity of these systems determined bya suitable isomorphism. First of all, this article is addressed at Mathematicsstudents of pedagogical studies and at...

Badania nad osobowością Wacława Nałkowskiego

Elżbieta Choinkowska (2011)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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The article attempts to explain the scientific and social phenomenon that was constituted by the figure of Wacław Nałkowski. With comprehensive knowledge concerning his life, the author undertook the characterization of his personality with the use of the special psychological method of transactional analysis. It is a method developed by American psychiatrist Eric Berne during 1960s. It explains the way people think and behave, offering many tools to understand human functioning, social,...

Geografia na maturze – zróżnicowanie merytoryczne i ocena zadań… z arkuszy egzaminacyjnych w latach 2005–2011

Jan Wójcik (2013)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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The paper presents a substantive and methodological assessment of the tasks and the trends in changes in the scope of knowledge and skills tested during the final examinations (matura) at Polish high schools in the years 2005–2011. The examination sheets contained a various number of tasks (27–38). They included open-ended and closed-ended tasks. With a total of 14 sheets, closed-ended tasks predominated in 9 sheets, open-ended tasks prevailed in 4 sheets, while the number of open-ended...

Calculus without the concept of limit

Piotr Błaszczyk, Joanna Major (2014)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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There are two different approaches to nonstandard analysis: semantic(model-theoretic) and syntactic (axiomatic). Both of these approachesrequire some knowledge of mathematical logic. We present a method basedon an ultrapower construction which does not require any mathematical logicprerequisites. On the one hand, it is a complementary course to a standardcalculus course. On the other hand, since it relies on a different intuitivebackground, it provides an alternative approach. While...

Idea czynnościowego wprowadzania pojęć geometrii elementarnej z pomocą kursu e-learningowego

Magdalena Kucio, Tadeusz Ratusiński (2009)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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The present article introduces a didactic proposal of supporting the process of teaching mathematics with blended learning. The authors discuss both benefits and dangers of this idea. Also, the concept of functional method of teaching mathematics is brought closer, as it is naturally inscribed in the concept of blended learning. In the second part of the article, the authors describe the materials processed for employment of the discussed foundation in teaching elementary geometry. Estimate...

Dekadencja geografii i zapomniane idee Wacława Nałkowskiego

Jacek May (2011)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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The article is inspired by Wacław Nałkowski’s writings and is a reflection on the nature of geography and its place in the system of knowledge. Moreover, the author considers the status of geography and its social relevance. The article seeks to justify the thesis that the low prestige of geography in social consciousness is an outcome of the attitudes of scholars and teachers of geography themselves, the media propaganda and also the state policy. The main objective of the paper is...

Innowacyjność w hotelarstwie z uwzględnieniem adaptacji obiektów zabytkowych na bazę noclegową

Kamila Ziółkowska-Weiss (2012)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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Nowadays, tourism is a crucial sector of national economy, and for many countries and regions it is one of the goals of economic activity, at the same time being a means of social and economic revival. Therefore, in order to professionally present the tourist potential and offer, and to attract tourists, tourist products should be organized, promoted and introduced in a relevant way. It is necessary to bear in mind that tourism is a service sector, a sector in which different kinds of...

Wokół liczb i szeregów harmonicznych

Damian Wiśniewski (2015)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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The harmonic series is one of the most celebrated infinite series ofmathematics. From a pedagogical point of view, the harmonic series providesa wealth of opportunities. Applications such as Gabriel’s wedding cake andEuler’s proof of the divergence of prime numbers can lead to some verynice discussions. The main idea of this article is to survey some of unusual,insightful and inspiring divergence proofs. First of all, this article is addressedat first-year calculus students. ...

Introduction to E. Nelson’s internal set theory

Taras Kudryk (2015)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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An axiomatic approach to Non-standard Analysis by E. Nelsonis presented in a simplified form. The main aim of the article is strictly thepopularization of NSA, and not its foundations. No special preparation inmathematical logic is required from the reader but it is assumed that he(she) is familiar with elementary calculus and linear algebra.

Koncepcja nauczycielskich studiów geograficznych według Jana Flisa

Danuta Piróg, Mariola Tracz (2013)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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The study shows the evolution of plans of teaching and curriculums of geography studies at the Pedagogical University of Cracow (former Wyższa Szkoła Pedagogiczna) in Cracow in 1946–2001. On the basis of literature and their own research, the authors distinguished some stages of changes introduced into geography-teachers training, taking into account formal and curricular aspects and professor Jan Flis’ contribution to the notion of geography-teachers’ training. The first chapter illustrates...

Co zostało z idei jedności geografii?

Witold Wilczyński (2011)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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Trying to analyze and assess particular scientific, educational and philosophical concepts of Wacław Nałkowski, one should not lose sight of what is his greatest achievement, what was his main concern and care throughout all his scientific career. It is the idea of geography as an autonomous and coherent science, covering the whole of reality that is perceived and experienced in the course of the everyday life. Among the contemporary Polish geographical circles there are very limited...

Czym jest zmysł geograficzny?

Witold Wilczyński (2011)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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„Geographical sense” is one of the original ideas of Wacław Nałkowski. He defined it as oneof the characteristics of human perception and thinking, which manifests itself in such a way, that the whole variety of human experience is transformed in the act of perception to shape the overall, general and comprehensive situations or figures. It is a process based on a spontaneous, unconscious selection of incoming sensory data and its evaluation, interpretation and synthesizing, to create...

Uwagi dotyczące pojęcia wartości bezwzględnej liczby rzeczywistej

Joanna Major, Zbigniew Powązka (2006)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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This paper deals with some studies of understanding the absolute value of real numbers. This article is divided into two parts. The first one contains the conclusions drawn from the analysis of the solutions of the mathematical problems with the absolute value which were solved by the secondary school pupils. The second part of the article contains the didactic proposition of teaching the concept of absolute value at various levels of mathematical education.

System komputerowy Mizar narzędziem do komputerowego wspomagania nauczania w szkole wyższej

Ewa Borak (2010)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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The MIZAR system is a computer system for representing mathematical proofs in such a way that the computer checks their correctness. The texts written in the MIZAR language are called Mizar articles and are organized into the Mizar Mathematical Library (MML). Since the very beginnig of the development of the MIZAR system, experiments using MIZAR as a tool for teaching mathematics have been conducted. Numerous courses were organized which were based on different versions of the system:...

O badaniach nad kształtowaniem się u studentów matematyki podstawowych pojęć analizy matematycznej

Zbigniew Powązka (2013)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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This paper is a reflection on the process of forming the basic concepts of mathematical analysis in students. These studies were conducted in the years 2002-2011 and they coincided with the period of major educational reforms in our country. These reforms had an impact on the level of Mathematics teaching in various schools and on anticipatory preparing of young people to study this subject. Thus, this work is an attempt to summarize the results of the already described various stages...

Praktyka kształtowania matematycznej twórczości uczniów

Antoni Pardała (2009)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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The subject of this work, teacher’s practice forming mathematical activity and creativity of the gifted pupils, is submerged in the issue of one of the contemporary trends in researching the methodology of teaching maths, which is called: creativity in teaching mathematics – theory, diagnosis and methodology, prospects. In this work I refer to certain synthesis of the knowledge to that point, see A. Pardała (2003; 2004; 2006), and I also articulate one of its aspects – the crucial importance...

Aktywności matematyczne studentów inspirowane grami Penneya

Maciej Major, Barbara Nawolska (2006)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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This paper proposes a way to adapt theories of countable probabilistic spaces in order to use them to educate mathematical students trained to be teachers. It presents many examples of how to develop students’ mathematical activities using stochastic games called Penney games. Introducing chance games delivers the opportunity of creating and examining probabilistic spaces. The fairness of games is a problem that inspires and motivates mathematicians to formulate problems and tasks of...

Twórczość i kontekst ideologiczny w poglądach Wacława Nałkowskiego

Karol Wilczyński (2011)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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Nałkowski lived in times of rapid transformation of civilization and during the period of ideological ferment, in a colonized country which at that time was Poland. Clearly disappointed with social and political reality, he turned his interest towards the trendy socialist ideas, seeing in them the hope for improving the living conditions of the society. The discerning analysis of the Nałkowski’s Social Writings (ed. 1951), allowed the author to assess the influence of the intellectual...

Znaczenie i możliwości kształcenia matematycznego w studiowaniu kierunków ekonomicznych

Maria Dąbrowa (2014)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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The aims and functions of mathematics education differ depending on the level of education. Moreover, the role of mathematics itself differs depending on the domain of its application. In this paper, we focus on mathematics education in the course of economics studies. Unfortunately, while mathematical methods prove useful in building economic models and the importance is still growing, the mathematics education plays increasingly smaller role in the course of economics studies at Polish...

Kilka uogólnień reguł pewnej gry strategicznej

Jan Górowski, Adam Łomnicki (2013)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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In the paper a set of strategy games is presented. It is shown how the “manipulative” developing of the winning strategy of a known and simple game can lead to conceptual reasoning based on reduction; then it is suggested how to formalise and generalise such a game, similar games and the procedure of finding the winning strategy.

Different ways of solving quadratic equations

Barbara Pieronkiewicz, James Tanton (2019)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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In this paper we explore different ways of solving quadratic equations. Our main goal is to review traditional textbooks methods and offer an alternative, often side-stepped method based on the area model. We conclude that whereas traditional methods offer effective algorithms that quickly lead to the desired results, alternative methods may enhance meaningful and joyful learning.

Wyniki badań nad stanem nauczania statystyki opisowej w Polsce

Zofia Aleksandra Tomaszewska (2006)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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This article presents the results of the study of teaching descriptive statistics in Poland nowadays. After a short review of the history of teaching this branch of school mathematics in the second part of the 20th century, I made an attempt at diagnosing the stage of teacher’s preparation for teaching descriptive statistics. The diagnosis was based on the analysis of: - the survey conducted among working teachers; - teaching standards for mathematics at universities; - curriculum and...

The concept of geographical space

Zbigniew Zioło (2014)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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In the process of shaping the geography as a science there appeared two research trends. One of them is reflected in ongoing scientific specialization and isolation of new disciplines, while the other is characterized by making attempts to synthesize the results achieved by the specialized disciplines. Against this background, this paper is trying to find a frame to synthesize the phenomena through the relations between the natural, socio-economic and cultural elements of geographical...

Z badań nad wprowadzeniem podstawowych treści analizy matematycznej podczas zajęć na I roku studiów matematycznych

Zbigniew Powązka (2006)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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This article presents the author’s research results concerning the teaching of introductory notions and theorems of mathematical analysis. The research was carried out among the first-year students of mathematics. The main objects of the research were: – the observation of the degree of assimilation of the basic notions and theorems by the students; – the investigation of the students’ progress in proving theorems and constructing suitable examples and counterexamples. The final part...

A Purely Algebraic Proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra

Piotr Błaszczyk (2016)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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Proofs of the fundamental theorem of algebra can be divided upinto three groups according to the techniques involved: proofs that rely onreal or complex analysis, algebraic proofs, and topological proofs. Algebraicproofs make use of the fact that odd-degree real polynomials have real roots.This assumption, however, requires analytic methods, namely, the intermediatevalue theorem for real continuous functions. In this paper, we developthe idea of algebraic proof further towards a purely...

Przyczynek do badań nad twórczą postawą studentów podczas rozwiązywania zadań matematycznych

Joanna Major, Zbigniew Powązka (2012)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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In this paper, we understand the term ''creative attitude'' to denote an action of the learner which consists in undertaking creative activity. This activity can take different forms, such as: discovery, invention, a creative act, etc. We understand  ''discovery'' to denote a fact which already exists but was unknown to the discoverer. While teaching mathematics, we deal with such an understanding of  ''discovery'' e.g. when we use the problem method. Thence, subjectively new theorems...

Symbolika matematyczna związana z pojęciem funkcji

Izabela Jóźwik, Małgorzata Terepeta (2016)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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Mathematical texts are characterised by the occurrence of specificsymbols. They may be letters (as applied, for example, by Euclid), numbersymbols or graphic signs with context-independent meaning. Mathematicalsymbols store knowledge of previous generations that provides frameworkswith which to examine history of mathematical problems. In this paper, wedeal with symbols related to the concept of function and related concepts likelimit, and some other set theoretical or logical concepts....

Profesor Jan Flis – mistrzem dla uczestników studiów doktoranckich z dydaktyki geografii

Michalina Lubelska (2013)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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In the first part of this paper the author presents her own path as a teacher. During her professional career she has met the Professor numerous times. The first time was when she was a geography student at the Jagiellonian University. The subsequent occasions occurred when she was a geography teacher in primary school and also as a PhD student of the didactics of geography. In main part of the paper the author presented the curriculum of the PhD studies in the field of didactics of...

Walory turystyczne wybranych regionów Spitsbergenu

Piotr Dolnicki, Łukasz Gawor (2012)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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The paper presents different attractions of Spitsbergen: geological, geomorphological and glaciological objects and processes, as well as industrial sites especially connected with coalmining, which constitute the group of geotourist attractions in Hornsund, Isfjorden and North East Land. It also describes logistic and infrastructure conditions in Svalbard. The evaluation of possibilities to develop geotourism in Spitsbergen is included as well.

Gry miejskie jako innowacyjne produkty turystyczne

Witold Warcholik, Konrad Leja (2012)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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Urban games and other forms of field games, such as Questing, are innovative ideas for presentation, disclosure and interpretation of natural and cultural heritage. The results of the survey presented in the study show that soon urban games can become an alternative to a traditional guided sightseeing of an urban area. There may be several reasons for such a choice: an interesting way of exploring a city, aspects of play and physical activity, better memorization of information, as well...

Geograficzny bieg dziejów

Piotr L. Wilczyński (2011)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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The expression „geographical course of history”, currently seen as old-fashioned or obsolete, seems to be typical in geographical works of Nałkowski. It combines two fields that were very close to him just from the very beginning of his scientific career: geography, to which he has devoted his whole life, and history, which was for him a source of information necessary to explain the diversity of landscapes. The origins of the concept can be found in works of German geographer, educator...

O fałszywych przekonaniach obserwowanych na zajęciach z analizy matematycznej

Zbigniew Powązka (2009)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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In this paper we present the results of our research carried out among the students of the first, second and third years of mathematical studies in the years 2003-2006. The research was focused on the difficulties these students faced in understanding the fundamental notions of the mathematical analysis such as: a limit, continuity, differentiability and integrability. These special problems, described in this paper, are called ”false beliefs”.

O nieskończonych ciągach liczb naturalnych, parami względnie pierwszych

Jan Górowski, Adam Łomnicki (2009)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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In the first part of the paper the authors, using general formulas, determine and describe a class of infinite series of natural numbers pairs of which are relatively prime. The second part of the paper contains - as a proposition - a set of problems concerning prime numbers and pairs of relatively prime numbers suggested for use during the process of work with Mathematics students, as well as some didactic comments concerning these problems.

Vývoj didaktiky geografie a nové trendy výuky zeměpisu v Česku

Petra Karvánková (2013)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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This paper deals with the issue of the didactics of the Czech lands geography process and the position of geography as a scientific branch in its system. It describes new trends and styles in teaching geography in the Czech Republic. At the same time, it mentions some current teaching difficulties at Czech primary and secondary schools. The first stage of teaching developing theory, the period from 1948 to 1965, is tagged “applied period” (Hájek, 2003). The theory of teaching geography...

Przykłady zagadnień z różnych działów matematyki niezbędnych do studiowania teorii miary

Antoni Chronowski, Zbigniew Powązka (2012)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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In the education of mathematicians, including teachers of mathematics, the measure theory plays an important role. From the experience in and research on teaching the measure theory it follows that on of the important reasons why students encounter difficulties in the subject is their insufficient ability to apply their knowledge of other branches of mathematics, especially of the set theory and topology. In this article we propose a series of problem analyses and exercises aimed at...

Main issues concerning drinking water supply in the Angara River watershed

Elena A. Rush (2012)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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Main issues concerning drinking water supply in the Angara River watershed. Water supply for drinking and communal-general purposes plays an important role in every economy all over the world as water is not only widely used for people’s everyday purposes, but is also essential for people’s vital functions. The principle concerning the priorities of supplying drinking and communal water, stipulated in relevant norms and regulations, presumes that in the first place people should be provided...

Ułamki algebraiczne i funkcje wymierne

Antoni Chronowski (2009)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia

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The subject-matter of this article can be divided into three main parts. The first one includes the theoretical problems concerning the fields of algebraic fractions and rational functions. In the second part we deal with didactic questions of algebraic fractions and rational functions in some chosen school textbooks. In the third part deep ideas and formal models of algebraic fractions and rational functions are discussed.