Moskevská matematická společnost, Jegorov a Luzin
Fin dalla seconda metà del Settecento, i successi conseguiti nella matematizzazione dei fenomeni fisici stimolarono a realizzare analoghi risultati nel campo dei fenomeni della vita e dei processi sociali ed economici. Fino ad ora, la storia della matematizzazione in questi contesti ha ricevuto scarsa attenzione. Scopo di questo articolo è di tracciare una panoramica delle linee principali dello sviluppo storico di queste forme di matematizzazione, di descrivere i risultati ottenuti e i problemi...
The purpose of this paper is to reconsider the genesis of the concept of covariant differentiation, which is interpreted as arising out of two traditions running through 19th-century research work. While the first tradition, of an algebraic nature, was responsible for the “algorithmic” emergence of the concept, the second, analytical in character, was essentially concerned with the import of covariant differentiation as a broader kind of differentiation. The methodological contrast that these two...
A linearized formulation of the elastic theory of suspension bridges is confronted with early investigations in the field. For decades, the structure was schematized as a beam (deck or girder) relieved by a one parameter distribution of forces exerted by the cable, disregarding the influence of beam deflection on that distribution as given by the linearized approach. An anonymous note presented the essential conclusions of this theory anticipating results of investigations following the methods...
Similar to many mathematical fields also the topic of mathematical programming has its origin in applied problems. But, in contrast to other branches of mathematics, we don't have to dig too deeply into the past centuries to find their roots. The historical tree of mathematical programming, starting from its conceptual roots to its present shape, is remarkably short, and to quote Isaak Newton, we can say: "We are standing on the shoulders of giants". The goal of...
V tomto článku se pokusíme v širších kulturně-historických souvislostech poodhalit téměř zapomenutou a často přehlíženou roli plzeňských premonstrátů a jimi vedených škol v rozvoji výuky matematiky a přírodních věd v našich zemích v první polovině 19. století. Ukážeme jejich všestranné organizační, odborné a pedagogické aktivity spojené s vybudováním plzeňského gymnázia a filozofického ústavu, jejich moderní vztah k výuce matematiky, fyziky a astronomie. Přiblížíme genius loci Plzně a kláštera v...