This paper presents two observability inequalities for the heat equation over $\Omega \times (0,T)$. In the first one, the observation is from a subset of positive measure in $\Omega \times (0,T)$, while in the second, the observation is from a subset of positive surface measure on $\partial \Omega \times (0,T)$. It also proves the Lebeau-Robbiano spectral inequality when $\Omega$ is a bounded Lipschitz and locally star-shaped domain. Some applications for the above-mentioned observability inequalities are provided.

The goal of this article is to analyze the observability properties for a space semi-discrete approximation scheme derived from a mixed finite element method of the 1d wave equation on nonuniform meshes. More precisely, we prove that observability properties hold uniformly with respect to the mesh-size under some assumptions, which, roughly, measures the lack of uniformity of the meshes, thus extending the work [Castro and Micu, Numer. Math.102 (2006) 413–462] to nonuniform meshes. Our results...

We consider problem (P) of Kirchhoff-Carrier type with nonlinear terms containing a finite number of unknown values $u({\eta }_1,t),\cdots ,u({\eta }_q,t)$ with $0\le {\eta }_1<{\eta }_2<\cdots <{\eta }_q<1.$ By applying the linearization method together with the Faedo-Galerkin method and the weak compact method, we first prove the existence and uniqueness of a local weak solution of problem (P). Next, we consider a specific case $\left({\mathrm{P}}_q\right)$ of (P) in which the nonlinear term contains the sum $S_q\left[u^2\right]\left(t\right)=q^{-1}{\sum }_{i=1}^q{u}^2(\frac{(i-1)}{q},t)$. Under suitable conditions, we prove that the solution of $\left({\mathrm{P}}_q\right)$ converges to the solution of the corresponding...

I will start with a short review of the classical restriction theorem for the sphere and Strichartz estimates for the wave equation. I then plan to give a detailed presentation of their recent generalizations in the form of “Bilinear Estimates”. In addition to the $L^2$ theory, which is now quite well developed, I plan to discuss a more general point of view concerning the $L^p$ theory. By investigating simple examples I will derive necessary conditions for such estimates to be true. I also plan to discuss...

We extend the results of a work by L. Hörmander [9] concerning the resolution of the characteristic Cauchy problem for second order wave equations with regular first order potentials. The geometrical background of this work was a spatially compact spacetime with smooth metric. The initial data surface was spacelike or null at each point and merely Lipschitz. We lower the regularity hypotheses on the metric and potential and obtain similar results. The Cauchy problem for a spacelike initial data...

In this paper we analyze movable singularities of the solutions of the equation for self-similar profiles resulting from semilinear wave equation. We study local analytic solutions around two fixed singularity points of this equation- ρ = 0 and ρ = 1. The movable singularities of local analytic solutions at the origin will be connected with those of the Lane-Emden equation. The function describing approximately their position on the complex plane will be derived. For ρ > 1 some topological considerations...

In this paper, we study the one-dimensional wave equation with Boltzmann damping. Two different Boltzmann integrals that represent the memory of materials are considered. The spectral properties for both cases are thoroughly analyzed. It is found that when the memory of system is counted from the infinity, the spectrum of system contains a left half complex plane, which is sharp contrast to the most results in elastic vibration systems that the vibrating dynamics can be considered from the vibration...

In this paper, we study the one-dimensional wave equation with Boltzmann damping. Two different Boltzmann integrals that represent the memory of materials are considered. The spectral properties for both cases are thoroughly analyzed. It is found that when the memory of system is counted from the infinity, the spectrum of system contains a left half complex plane, which is sharp contrast to the most results in elastic vibration systems that the vibrating dynamics can be considered from the vibration...

In this work, we investigate the Perfectly Matched Layers (PML) introduced by Bérenger [3] for designing efficient numerical absorbing layers in electromagnetism. We make a mathematical analysis of this model, first via a modal analysis with standard Fourier techniques, then via energy techniques. We obtain uniform in time stability results (that make precise some results known in the literature) and state some energy decay results that illustrate the absorbing properties of the model. This last...

In this work, we investigate the Perfectly Matched Layers (PML) introduced by Bérenger [3] for designing efficient numerical absorbing layers in electromagnetism. We make a mathematical analysis of this model, first via a modal analysis with standard Fourier techniques, then via energy techniques. We obtain uniform in time stability results (that make precise some results known in the literature) and state some energy decay results that illustrate the absorbing properties of the model. This...

This paper is a proceedings version of the ongoing work [20], and has been the object of the talk of the second author at Journées EDP in 2012.In this work we investigate optimal observability properties for wave and Schrödinger equations considered in a bounded open set $\Omega \subset {ℝ}^n$, with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The observation is done on a subset $\omega$ of Lebesgue measure $\left|\omega \right|=L\left|\Omega \right|$, where $L\in (0,1)$ is fixed. We denote by ${𝒰}_L$ the class of all possible such subsets. Let $T\&gt;0$. We consider first the benchmark problem of maximizing...