Algebraic independence of the values of Mahler functions satisfying implicit functional equations
Let be a power series , where is a strictly increasing linear recurrence sequence of non-negative integers, and a sequence of roots of unity in satisfying an appropriate technical condition. Then we are mainly interested in characterizing the algebraic independence over of the elements
We prove an algebraicity criterion for leaves of algebraic foliations defined over number fields. Namely, consider a number field embedded in , a smooth algebraic variety over , equipped with a rational point , and an algebraic subbundle of the its tangent bundle , defined over . Assume moreover that the vector bundle is involutive, i.e., closed under Lie bracket. Then it defines an holomorphic foliation of the analytic manifold , and one may consider its leaf through . We prove...
In this Mizar article, we complete the formalization of one of the items from Abad and Abad’s challenge list of “Top 100 Theorems” about Liouville numbers and the existence of transcendental numbers. It is item #18 from the “Formalizing 100 Theorems” list maintained by Freek Wiedijk at http://www.cs.ru.nl/F.Wiedijk/100/. Liouville numbers were introduced by Joseph Liouville in 1844 [15] as an example of an object which can be approximated “quite closely” by a sequence of rational numbers. A real...
The famous problem of determining all perfect powers in the Fibonacci sequence and in the Lucas sequence has recently been resolved [10]. The proofs of those results combine modular techniques from Wiles’ proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem with classical techniques from Baker’s theory and Diophantine approximation. In this paper, we solve the Diophantine equations , with and , for all primes and indeed for all but primes . Here the strategy of [10] is not sufficient due to the sizes of...